The origin of the Dayak tribe

 Dayak is the name given to natives of the island of Borneo. Borneo Island is divided by regions that regulate the Administrative area, each consisting of: the capital of Samarinda in East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan with its capital of Banjarmasin, the capital of Central Kalimantan, Palangkaraya, and West Kalimantan capital of Pontianak city.
The Dayak groups, divided again into sub-sub-tribe which numbers approximately 405 sub (by JU Lontaan, 1975). Each sub tribe Dayak in Borneo island have customs and cultures are similar, referring to the sociology kemasyarakatannya and differences in customs, culture, and language characteristics. Past society that is now called the Dayak tribe, inhabiting the coastal areas and rivers in each of their settlements.
Ethnic Dayaks of Borneo according to an anthropology JU Lontaan, 1975 in book Customary Law and Customs of West Kalimantan, consists of 6 major tribes and 405 sub-tribes small, which spread across Kalimantan. Strong urbanization that brought influences from outside, such as causing them to wither away further and further into the hinterland and hills in all regions of Borneo.
They call themselves with groups that originated from an area based on river names, names of heroes, the name of nature and so forth. For example, he said the origin of the Iban tribe ivan (in Kayan, ivan = wanderer) as well as according to other sources that they call themselves by the name of spare Batang Lupar, because it comes from the river Batang Lupar, border areas of West Kalimantan to Sarawak, Malaysia. Mualang tribe, a name taken from a respected figure (Manok cocks / executioner) in Tampun Juah and the name was immortalized into a tributary name Ketungau Sintang area (because of an incident) and then used as the name of the Dayak tribe Mualang. Dayak Bukit (Kanayatn / Ahe) derived from the Hill / mountain Onion. Likewise, the origin of Dayak Kayan, Sleep, Tamambaloh tribes elders, Kenyah, Benuag, Ngaju and others, who have historical background on their own.
But there are also Dayak tribes who do not know the origin of the name of his tribe again. The name "Dayak" or "Power" is the name eksonim (name not given by the society itself) and not endonim name (the name given by the community itself). The word comes from the word Dayak Power "which means upstream, to mention the people who live in rural or perhuluan generally Kalimantan and West Kalimantan in particular, (although now many Dayak communities who have settled in the city districts and provinces) that have a similarity of customs and cultures and still adhere to tradition.
West Kalimantan province has its own uniqueness to the process of cultural alkurturasi or displacement of a religious culture for local communities. In this process very closely related to the two largest tribes in the West Kalimantan Dayak, Malay and Chinese. At first Nations inhabit coastal West Kalimantan Dayak, live with the tradition and culture of each, then came the traders from gujarab Muslim (Malay Arabic) with the aim of buying and selling goods from and to the Dayak community, and because they often interact, alternating through pick up and deliver commodities to and from the Strait of Malacca (a central trade in the past), cause they wanted settled in new areas that have large trade potential for their benefit.
This is the main attraction for the Dayak community when in contact with immigrants who brought new knowledge foreign to the region. Because of the frequent occurrence of the process of buying or selling goods, and cultural interaction, leading to a crowded West Kalimantan coast, visit local communities (Dayak) and Arab traders from the Malay Straits of Malacca. In those days religious system Dayak people began to be affected and influenced by the Malay traders who are familiar with the knowledge, education and religion of Islam from outside Kalimantan. Due to a harmonious relationship is established well, then the local community or Dayak, there are sympathetic to the merchants of Gujarat, which gradually affected, then the Islamic religion is accepted and recognized in the year 1550 AD in the Kingdom of Tanjung Pura Giri Kusuma on penerintahan which is the kingdom wither and slow gradually began to spread in West Kalimantan.
Dayak people still adhere to the belief and dynamism, they believe any certain places there are rulers, which they call: Petara, Penompa and others (in fact the current Jubata / during this special designation to the Most High), then Dayak tribes still have other authorities under the rule of God for example: Puyang Gana (Dayak mualang) is the ruler of the land, King Juata (ruler of Water), Kama "Baba (Army ruler), Jobata, Apet Kuyan'gh (Dayak Mali) and others. For those who still adhere to his beliefs and cultural dynamism of his originals, they separated themselves into the more distant kepedalaman.
As for a handful of Dayak communities who have entered Islam because of marriage more entrants imitate the lifestyle that is considered to have had advanced civilization because many relate to the outside world. (And according to its development, then entered the missionaries and Christian mission / Christian inland). In general, the Dayak people who convert to Islam in West Kalimantan are considered by the Dayak tribe of the same ethnic Malay. Dayak tribe of pristine (hold firm beliefs ancestors) in the past, until they tried to reinforce the differences, Dayak tribes who converted to Islam (because of marriage with ethnic Malays) to show ourselves as the tribe melayu.banyak who forgot the identity of the Dayak tribes from his new religion and the rules of engagement with the customs and traditions. After the new settlers in the coastal assimilated with the Dayak tribes who moved (through marriage with a Malay tribe) to the Religion of Islam, the religion of Islam is more synonymous with ethnic Malay and Christian religion or belief in the dynamism is more synonymous with tribe Dayak.sejalan urbanization to Borneo, causing coastal Kalimantan West became crowded, as more and more in both local and outsiders visit the other country.
To set the character of the area in the Malay community entrusted appointed as the leader or the title Penembahan (a term that brought settlers to refer to the little king) this penembahan independent living in a territory under its jurisdiction based on the composition of the religious affiliation of the central government, and tend to maintain area. However there are times penembahan states subject to the kingdom from his homeland, for security or expansion of power.
Dayak people who moved to the religion of Islam or who have been married to Malay settlers called Senganan, or enter senganan / entrance of the Sea, and now they claim themselves as Malays.
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Sumber: http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Dayak_Darat